Types of Parenting

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## 🌿 Major Types of Parenting

### 1. **Authoritative Parenting**

**High responsiveness, high demandingness**
This is considered the most balanced and effective style.

* **Characteristics**: Warm, nurturing, sets clear rules, encourages independence, explains reasons for discipline.
* **Child Outcomes**: High self-esteem, good social skills, emotional regulation, academic success.

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### 2. **Authoritarian Parenting**

**Low responsiveness, high demandingness**
This style emphasizes obedience and strict discipline.

* **Characteristics**: High expectations, rigid rules, little warmth, uses punishment over discussion.
* **Child Outcomes**: Obedient but may be anxious, lack self-esteem, or have poor social skills.

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### 3. **Permissive Parenting**

**High responsiveness, low demandingness**
Also known as indulgent parenting.

* **Characteristics**: Warm and loving, but sets few boundaries; rarely disciplines.
* **Child Outcomes**: Impulsive, lacks self-discipline, struggles with authority, often has poor academic performance.

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### 4. **Neglectful (Uninvolved) Parenting**

**Low responsiveness, low demandingness**
This is the least involved style.

* **Characteristics**: Emotionally distant, little supervision, no clear rules, often preoccupied with own problems.
* **Child Outcomes**: Attachment issues, poor self-regulation, academic failure, risk-taking behaviors.

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### 5. **Helicopter Parenting** *(Emerging Style)*

**High involvement, high control—but intrusive**
Often seen in modern, anxious parenting.

* **Characteristics**: Over-monitoring, solves all problems for the child, restricts autonomy.
* **Child Outcomes**: Anxiety, dependence, lack of coping skills, reduced self-confidence.

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### 6. **Free-Range Parenting** *(Progressive Style)*

**Low control, high trust**
Encourages independence and responsibility from an early age.

* **Characteristics**: Age-appropriate freedom, natural consequences, minimal interference.
* **Child Outcomes**: Strong problem-solving, resilience, confidence—but may vary with safety context.

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### 7. **Attachment-Based Parenting** *(Inspired by Bowlby/Ainsworth)*

**Focuses on emotional bonding and secure attachment**

* **Characteristics**: Sensitive responsiveness, co-regulation, trust building.
* **Child Outcomes**: Secure attachment, emotional health, empathy, positive peer relations.

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## 🧭 Rabindrik Perspective on Parenting

From a Rabindrik lens, ideal parenting resonates with **Authoritative** and **Attachment-Based** models. Tagore emphasized **freedom with responsibility**, **nurturing self-expression**, and **education through love, nature, and creativity**. Parenting, in this view, should support the **Murta** (daily discipline), **Raag** (emotional resonance), and **Saraswat** (wisdom and spiritual freedom) layers of the child.


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